{"id":45892,"date":"2020-10-22T09:51:28","date_gmt":"2020-10-22T16:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eltecolote.org\/content\/?p=45892"},"modified":"2021-02-20T22:13:01","modified_gmt":"2021-02-21T06:13:01","slug":"disinformation-and-voter-manipulation-during-the-2020-election","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eltecolote.org\/content\/en\/disinformation-and-voter-manipulation-during-the-2020-election\/","title":{"rendered":"Disinformation and Voter Manipulation during the 2020 Election"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Never before in the history of elections in this country has disinformation been so deliberate and pervasive. In the current age of social media, media manipulation has become so commonplace that for many, it has become difficult to separate truth from false information.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These tactics of spreading disinformation\u2014meant to confuse and influence voters, drive down voter engagement and enthusiasm\u2014could very well change the course of the 2020 election and those that follow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cViral misinformation is contagious, and it is dangerous just like an actual virus. This content spreads because people are sharing it with each other,\u201d said Cameron Hickey, Program Director of Algorithmic Transparency at the National Conference on Citizenship (NCoC). \u201cAnd it creates significant problems that put our health and well-being at risk as well as the future of our democracy.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hickey studies elections and defines misinformation as information that is wrong, but is perhaps shared unintentionally. Hickey defines disinformation as problematic information that is shared intentionally, such as rumors, junk news, conspiracies and even hate speech.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt doesn\u2019t matter exactly what form it is in, but if it misleads it\u2019s a problem,\u201d Hickey said. \u201cSo it is important to recognize that there is not one hard line between information that is absolutely false and what is not or is a little ambiguous.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Disinformation targets communities in specific and sophisticated ways, making it critical for the average voter to learn how to spot disinformation and news stories that seek to manipulate voters, spread confusion and even discourage voter turn-out.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, how do we tell the difference between real news and disinformation and prevent it from spreading it further? Hickey shared some tips on how to spot false and fabricated information, which is essentially the baseline:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Content that uses fear and manipulation to make you feel scared, angry or self-righteous and get you to change your behavior. This is potentially risky content that might have underlying misinformation embedded in it in some way or another. In other words, fear mongering.<\/li><li>Conspiracy theories that have existed for the last 50 years are still present today, Particularly those that deal with \u201cboogeymen\u201d like the \u201cDeep State\u201d or prominent public figures.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Anything missing context, such as a statement on social media, a meme, image or a video that is lacking some important piece of information that enables you to understand it correctly and without that piece of context it may be misunderstood and may in fact be damaging.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Pseudoscience has existed for a long time, climate change denial and unproven cures for CVID 19 are perfect examples of this sort of disinformation.<\/li><li>Anything that employs hate outright or uses terms or themes that divide based on identity are rooted in misinformation and perpetuate other kinds of problems.<\/li><li>Faulty logic can be trickier to identify, it can overlap with problems around context.&nbsp;<\/li><li>False equivalence and making a comparison between two things that aren\u2019t really comparable.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A tactic frequently employed, especially in memes and videos on social media, is to share old content that may be legitimate or accurate when it was originally published, but isn\u2019t relevant anymore when it gets shared again.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A theme seen a lot of recently, which has always been in political discourse, is constantly referring to political candidates, their messages or their positions in exaggerated or extreme ways such as referring to Republicans as \u201cNazis\u201d and Democrats as \u201cCommunists.\u201d<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Jacobo Licona, a disinformation researcher at Equis Labs, sees a troubling use of social media for the offline goal of suppressing the vote and depressing enthusiasm among key progressive constituencies, including the Latino community.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=636%2C446&#038;quality=89&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-45885\" width=\"636\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?w=2183&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 2183w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=356%2C250&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 356w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=600%2C422&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=768%2C540&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=1536%2C1079&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=2048%2C1439&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=370%2C260&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=800%2C562&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=185%2C130&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 185w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=740%2C520&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 740w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=20%2C14&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 20w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=400%2C281&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=1600%2C1124&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eltecolote.org\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Disinformation_WEB.jpg?resize=68%2C48&amp;quality=89&amp;ssl=1 68w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\" \/><figcaption>Illustration: Alexis Terrazas<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe often see bad actors trying to inflame previous intentions within and between communities and create divisions among communities of color,\u201d Licona said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hickey echoed something similar.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re no longer having conversations about the issues or the identities of the politicians running for office. Instead we are exaggerating narrow bands of their perspective and amplifying them in ways that are distorting reality,\u201d Hickey said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hickey also weighed in on voting accessibility.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re having a lot of trouble getting a handle on voting access and it is likely to accelerate,\u201d he said. \u201cThis is not the first election where we\u2019re seeing this, but we are also seeing messages about voting itself. \u2018When can you or can\u2019t you register for mail-in, absentee ballots, etc.\u2019 There is more disinformation around ballot risks almost every day with images circulating on social media of a \u2018pile of ballots somewhere.\u2019 There are also more complex questions about voter fraud and the concept of \u2018ballot harvesting\u2019 that has essentially become a code word for what is at times potentially legitimate activity and other times not.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMany people are seeing pictures of mailboxes looking like they were being picked up and thrown away or filling junkyards,\u201d said Jacquelyn Mason, Senior Investigative Researcher at First Draft. \u201cAll of this sort of information starts to proliferate around the same time and it is anxiety-inducing very confusing to the voter.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But disinformation doesn\u2019t have to be false to become a problem. For example, with respect to the election, conspiracy theories like voter fraud connected to mail in ballots, QAnon and a looming Civil War all work to erode public trust. And claims that there will likely be violence, regardless of the outcome of the upcoming election, can act as a \u201cseed in the ground\u201d for real potential violence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, there are broad and unfounded allegations about stealing or rigging the election. \u201cWe see a lot of that message and it\u2019s become part of a steady drip of problematic content that people are experiencing on a daily basis,\u201d Hickey said. \u201cIt is undermining our faith in democracy, our institutions and laying the groundwork for chaos come November.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This information was presented by speakers participating in a video conference hosted by Ethnic Media Services Friday, Oct. 16, as part of a series of press briefings on voter issues in the 2020 elections.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Never before in the history of elections in this country has disinformation been so deliberate and pervasive. In the current age of social media, media manipulation has become so commonplace that for many, it has become difficult to separate truth from false information.&nbsp; These tactics of spreading disinformation\u2014meant to confuse and influence voters, drive down [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":45885,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3929],"tags":[18605],"coauthors":[18584],"class_list":["post-45892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","tag-election-2020","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Disinformation and Voter Manipulation during the 2020 Election - El Tecolote<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Never before in the history of elections in this country has disinformation been so deliberate and pervasive. 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