{"id":11809,"date":"2011-11-24T08:53:22","date_gmt":"2011-11-24T15:53:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eltecolote.org\/content\/?p=11809"},"modified":"2011-11-21T15:55:10","modified_gmt":"2011-11-21T22:55:10","slug":"shedding-light-on-the-valley-of-the-nameless-dead","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eltecolote.org\/content\/en\/shedding-light-on-the-valley-of-the-nameless-dead\/","title":{"rendered":"Shedding light on the valley of the nameless dead"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Holtville Cemetery. Photo Courtesy Pamela Calore<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

HOLTVILLE, Calif.\u2014They could have been anybody\u2014a talented musician, a farm worker, an unemployed teacher, a desperate parent, a son or daughter looking to feed their mother, brothers and sisters. Whoever they are, their identities are now shrouded beneath the saline terrain that surrounds the town of Holtville, just west of Arizona and less than an hour from the Mexican border.<\/p>\n

Most of the John and Jane Does buried here were found dead, their bodies strewn across the desert hills of Imperial Valley, or along the All American Canal that feeds a sprawling agricultural expanse extending from El Centro, Calif., to Mexicali, Mexico. No one knows who they are and few seem to really care.<\/p>\n

Day of the Dead<\/strong>
\nNov. 2 marks the Mexican holiday known as D\u00eda de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, when families traditionally gather to honor those who have gone before. This year a handful of immigrant rights activists and community members gathered at Holtville\u2019s Terrace Park Cemetery, near the site of dozens of unmarked graves, to celebrate and to mourn.<\/p>\n

Partially obscured by a six-foot wall are rows and rows\u201449 to be exact\u2014of crosses with simple, mud-colored bricks delineating the final resting place for these would\u2014be migrants.
\n\u201cNone of the people buried here expected to end up like this,\u201d says Enrique Morones, head of the non-profit organization Border Angels.<\/p>\n

Founded in 1986, the organization provides humanitarian assistance to migrants living in the canyons of North San Diego County. For several years it has also helped recruit volunteers as part of a campaign to leave bottles of water in areas identified as crossing points for undocumented immigrants.<\/p>\n

\u201cMost undocumented migrants are not aware of the perils of the desert. They are also easy prey for unscrupulous smugglers that rob them and then leave them lost on their own in a place where north and south are indistinguishable,\u201d adds Morones, as he leaves a few gallons of water at a strategic point marked by a blanket hanging from a small shrubby tree, known as a huizache.<\/p>\n

\u201cNo one can survive more than two hours under 115-degree heat during the summer,\u201d explains Border Patrol Officer Adrian Corona. \u201cWinter is equally dangerous,\u201d he says, adding that the mountainous terrain is especially treacherous at night and brutally hot in the day. Most don\u2019t make the trip, he says.<\/p>\n

Under high heat and with no water, the body enters into a state of shock, the vital organs gradually shutting down. People in this state will experience hallucinations \u2013 also described as the \u201coasis effect\u201d \u2013 before collapsing in a delirium.<\/p>\n

The \u201ccoyotes,\u201d meanwhile, who are essentially paid guides for migrants looking to head north, often warn fellow travelers not to stop for those showing signs of dehydration. Since most border trips are made at night, it\u2019s common practice for coyotes to abandon stragglers.<\/p>\n

Border Patrol Search, Trauma and Rescue Unit agents operating in the Imperial Valley say they have performed 30 emergency rescues this fiscal year, down from the 50 performed the previous year. Corona and his fellow BOARSTAR agents attribute the decline to improved technology, which is making it easier to track movements across the desert.<\/p>\n

\u201cNot only can we better chart their point of entry, but it is becoming more common for migrants to dial 911 [in an emergency] and through the GPS signals we get from their phones, we can get to them before it becomes critical,\u201d explains Corona.<\/p>\n

Still, a majority of undocumented immigrants are unlikely to carry cell phones. And even if they did, the fear of getting caught and facing potential sentences of between three and five years would deter them from making that call. It also means that many don\u2019t carry identification.<\/p>\n

In the Valley of the Dead<\/strong>
\n\u201cThe problem is that most of the time their bodies are found days, weeks, or years after they die. Sometimes authorities only find a femur or just a few bones,\u201d said Jesus Gutierrez, head of the Legal Protection department for the Mexican Consulate in Calexico.<\/p>\n

In such cases, legal protocol requires authorities to contact the Mexican consulate in a specific jurisdiction and work in tandem with them to try to ID the deceased. In cases where identification is not possible, the coroner\u2019s office saves samples of the remains with a view toward future DNA identification, which is costly and done sparingly at best.<\/p>\n

\u201cNo matter how many fences the U.S. government builds, as long as the economic disparities between this country and the countries of Latin America persist, people will try to come, legally or not,\u201d said Morones, adding that any given day along the U.S.-Mexico border could be a \u201cday of the dead.\u201d<\/p>\n

Immigrant rights advocates like Morones warn in fact that with the growing trend of mass deportations, carried out with particular zeal under the current administration, migrants are becoming more desperate to return, with greater numbers likely to perish under the desert sun.<\/p>\n

According to official figures, between January and June 2011, the U.S. government carried out more than 46,000 deportations of parents whose children are U.S. citizens. While there is no solid government data regarding the number of children left behind, the New York-based think tank Applied Research Center, which works to foster racial justice, estimates that at least 5,100 children have ended up in foster homes.<\/p>\n

In the next five years, says ARC, that figure could reach 15,000.<\/p>\n

\u201cDo you think those parents who have been deported will remain in their countries knowing that their children are here?\u201d asks Anita Nicklem, who lives in the Imperial Valley and attended the ceremony at Terrace Park Cemetery. \u201cOf course not. They will do whatever they can to come back and of course they will risk their lives in doing so,\u201d she says.
\nPointing to one of the nearby graves, she adds, \u201cI could be one of them.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

HOLTVILLE, Calif.\u2014They could have been anybody\u2014a talented musician, a farm worker, an unemployed teacher, a desperate parent, a son or daughter looking to feed their mother, brothers and sisters. 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